说教男、忧虑男、性学大师：你应该避开的五种男人
She Explains ‘Mansplaining’ With Help From 17th-Century Art
ALISHA HARIDASANI GUPTA
2020年8月13日
This story begins, as so many do these days, on Twitter.
就像如今的无数故事一样，这个故事也始于Twitter。
Last May, Nicole Tersigni, a Detroit-based writer, logged onto the social media platform at the end of a long day. She was tired and frazzled from looking after her 8-year-old daughter, who was home sick at the time.
去年5月，定居底特律的作家妮可·特尔西尼(Nicole Tersigni)在结束了漫长的一天后登录了这个社交媒体平台。照顾当时生病在家的8岁女儿让她疲惫不堪。
“So I go online just to kind of scroll through Twitter and zone out for a little bit,” she said, “and I see a dude explaining to a woman her own joke back to her — something that has happened to me many times.”
“所以我上网只是为了浏览一下Twitter，放空一下自己，”她说，“结果我看见一个男的向一个女人解释她自己说的笑话——这种事情我遇到过很多次。”
In the past, Tersigni had let those kinds of irritating conversations go, but this one sparked something in her. She Googled “woman surrounded by men” (“because that is what that moment feels like when you’re online,” she said) and stumbled upon a 17th-century oil painting by Jobst Harrich of a woman baring one breast in the middle of a scrum of bald men.
换作以往，特尔西尼不会让这类令人反感的交谈往心里去，但这一次却激发了她心里的某种情感。她在谷歌上搜索“被男人包围的女人”（“因为这就是你上网那一刻的感受，”她说），偶然发现了一幅约布斯特·哈里斯(Jobst Harrich)在17世纪所作的油画，画中一个女人在一群秃头男人之中袒露着一侧乳房。
She combined that image with the caption: “Maybe if I take my tit out they will stop explaining my own joke back to me.”
她给这张图配了这样一句描述：“也许我亮一个奶子出来，他们就不会再给我解释我自己的笑话了。”
In another post, Tersigni placed an 18th-century painting titled “Conversation in a Park” by Thomas Gainsborough next to the caption, “you would be so much prettier if you smiled,” turning what seems like a vignette of a man flirting with a woman into a laugh-out-loud scene.
在另一条推文中，特尔西尼给托马斯·庚斯博罗(Thomas Gainsborough)的18世纪画作《公园里的对话》配上这样的描述，“你笑起来会漂亮许多，”将看上去是男人对女人调情的画面变成了一个引人大笑的场景。
She kept tweeting, and her posts went viral, garnering tens of thousands of likes and retweets, including by the actors Busy Philipps (“THIS THREAD IS GENIUS,” she proclaimed) and Alyssa Milano (“Might be my all time favorite thread ever”) — a platform-specific indication that Tersigni had playfully captured everyday instances of misogyny that many women found uncomfortably familiar.
她不停发推，推文广为传播，引来了成千上万的点赞和转发，包括演员贝茜·菲利普斯(Busy Philipps)（“这串推简直就是天才，”她宣称）以及艾丽莎·米兰诺(Alyssa Milano)（“这或许是我最喜欢的推文串”）——这个特定于平台的传播现象表明，特尔西尼在嬉笑中捕捉到了厌女症的日常体现，这都是许多女性深感不爽的熟悉例子。
“It just snowballed from there because it was just so easy to consume and relate to and laugh about,” Tersigni said. (Several men chimed in to explain her joke to her or point out that not all men do these things.)
“后来就有了滚雪球效应，因为它太容易被消化、引发共鸣和笑声了，”特尔西尼说。（多位男性还插嘴给她解释她的笑话，或者指出并不是所有男人都这样做。）
Within days, an agent got in touch, suggesting she turn her tweets into a book. Two weeks later, they were meeting with editors, Tersigni said, and struck a deal with Chronicle Books.
几天之内，一位经纪人联系到她，提议她把推文结集成书。特尔西尼说，两周后她们就与编辑碰头，跟编年史出版社(Chronicle Books)达成了协议。
“I remember I got it, looked at it and just cracked up,” said Rebecca Hunt, editorial director at Chronicle Books, who works on pop culture and humor books.
“我记得我看到那些推，看了几眼就笑得不行，”编年史出版社编辑总监、从事流行文化和幽默书籍出版的瑞贝卡·亨特(Rebecca Hunt)说。
“When it was time for me to share it with our editorial team, I printed out a lot of the pages and spread them on the table. We all didn’t even need to say anything, we were all just reading and laughing,” she said. “That’s how you know right away that something will resonate.”
“等到要向我们的编辑团队分享的时候，我把它们打印了很多页，摊在桌子上。我们都不需要说什么，光是看和笑了，”她说。“这就是为什么你马上知道它会产生共鸣。”
Just over a year after that first tweet, Tersigni’s vision will leap from social media to print with “Men to Avoid in Art and Life,” to be released on Tuesday.
在第一条推文发布的一年多后，特尔西尼的想象力也从社交媒体转移到了已于周二出版的《艺术和生活中需要避开的男人》(Men to Avoid in Art and Life)这本书里。
Each chapter of the coffee table book, which brings together works of art and razor-sharp captions, explores the different “types” of men that Tersigni and many women encounter on a regular basis. She describes five of them, with some examples from pop culture, here.
这本画册将艺术作品和犀利点评融到一起，书里每一章都探讨了特尔西尼和许多女性经常遇到的不同类型的男性。以下是她描述的五类，以及一些流行文化中的例子。
The Mansplainer
说教男
“The mansplainer explains things in a condescending way,” Tersigni said. “Their thoughts are always unsolicited. Nobody is asking for them. One of my favorite jokes that I used in the thread and also in the book for the mansplainer is, ‘Let me explain your lived experience.’”
“说教男总用一种高高在上的态度解释事物，”特尔西尼说。“他们的看法总是不请自来。又没人想要问他们。我在推串以及书里对说教男用过的最喜欢的笑话之一，就是‘让我给你解释解释你的生活经历’。”
The Concern Troll
忧虑男
Concern trolls approach women with a sense of worry about something they are saying or doing, but it isn’t sincere, Tersigni said. “They use their faux worry to undermine or criticize you.”
特尔西尼说，忧虑男接近女性时，总要担忧她们所说和所做的事，但却不是发自内心的担忧。“他们用虚伪的担忧贬低或批评你。”
Think Gaston from “Beauty and the Beast,” who feigns concern for Belle’s well being when he sees her with a book (“It’s not right for a woman to read. Soon she starts getting ideas — and thinking!”).
比如《美女与野兽》(Beauty and the Beast)里的加斯顿(Gaston)，当他看到贝儿(Belle)看的书时，就装腔作势表达了对贝儿状态的担忧（“女人读书是不对的。很快她就有自己的想法——开始思考了！”）。
In the real world, Tersigni said, “They’ll say things like, ‘I agree with your point, but you shouldn’t use that tone or you’ll alienate your audience.’”
特尔西尼说，在现实世界里，“他们会说，‘我认同你的观点，但你不应该用这种语气说话，或是你会疏远你的听众。’”
The Comedian
喜剧男
The Comedian is not just someone who tells jokes. He is the unfunny person who is convinced of his funniness, “but if you don’t laugh at his jokes, which are really tired, sexist, racist jokes, it’s because you just don’t understand comedy or you need to get a sense of humor,” Tersigni said.
喜剧男不只是会讲笑话的人。他其实并不幽默，却自认为好笑，“如果你没有被他们那些无聊的性别歧视、种族歧视笑话逗笑，他们会说你不懂喜剧或是需要找找幽默感，”特尔西尼说。
“Todd Packer, from ‘The Office,’ is a great example of this guy,” she added. “He tells the worst jokes and gets so mad when people don’t like him that he gives them laxative cupcakes.”
“《办公室》(The Office)里的陶德· 帕克(Todd Packer)就是这种人的典型，”她还说。“他讲最烂的笑话，如果有人不喜欢，他就会非常生气，甚至给他们吃掺了泻药的纸杯蛋糕。”
The Sexpert
性学大师
This is what you call the heterosexual man who believes he has all the answers when it comes to women and sex. “The sexpert thinks he knows your body better than you do,” Tersigni said. “They think they know what’s going on with you internally.”
这就是那些相信自己对女人和性无所不知的异性恋男性。“性学大师觉得他比你自己还了解你的身体，”特尔西尼说。“他们认为自己很清楚你身体内部发生了什么。”
“Harry, from ‘When Harry Met Sally,’ is a total sexpert,” she added, something that Meg Ryan’s character, Sally, finds so annoying that it leads to her memorable performance at Katz’s Deli in New York City.
“《当哈利遇到莎莉》(When Harry Met Sally)里的哈利就是个彻头彻尾的性学大师，”她补充道，所以梅格·瑞恩 (Meg Ryan)饰演的莎莉就觉得他太过讨厌，结果就有了在纽约Katz’s熟食店的那场出色表演。
The Patronizer
屈尊男
A close relative of the Concern Troll, Patronizers minimize women by harping on their (imagined) feelings. “The patronizer uses your emotions as weapons against you and makes you feel small, so that he can feel big,” Tersigni said. “That guy will say things like ‘I can’t talk to you if you’re going to be hysterical,’ which is like nails-on-the-chalkboard annoying.”
屈尊男是忧虑男的近亲，总会喋喋不休地谈论（他们想象中的）女性感受来贬低她们。“屈尊男会将你的感情当作武器来对付你，让你感觉渺小，而他自己感觉伟岸，”特尔西尼说，“这种人总会说，‘如果你继续这么歇斯底里，我没法跟你交流，’可真是烦人到家了。”
